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The UPSC Civil Services Mains Examination is known for its depth and diversity. Among the nine papers that make up the Mains stage, Paper A and Paper B often confuse aspirants, especially beginners. These two are qualifying papers, but they play a crucial role in clearing the Mains stage.
Let’s understand their purpose, differences, and how to prepare for them.
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What is Paper A (Indian Language)?
Introduced to test the ability to understand and express in an Indian language listed in the 8th Schedule of the Constitution.
You must choose this language while filling the DAF (Detailed Application Form).
Exemption: Candidates from Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, and Sikkim are exempt from Paper A.
Examples of Indian Languages Available:
Hindi, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Punjabi, Sanskrit, etc.
What is Paper B (English)?
It is designed to test your basic command of the English language, including grammar, comprehension, précis, and usage.
Every candidate must appear for Paper B, regardless of medium or background.
It helps UPSC ensure that candidates can understand and communicate in basic administrative English.
Key Components in Both Papers
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Type of Question |
Found In |
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Comprehension Passage |
Both Paper A and B |
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Précis Writing |
Both |
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Translation |
Paper A only (English ↔ Chosen Language) |
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Short Essays/Letter Writing |
Both |
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Grammar and Vocabulary |
Mainly in Paper B |
Are these papers difficult?
If you have school-level proficiency, no. But basic practice is necessary.
What if I fail in Paper A or B?
Your entire Mains answer sheets will not be evaluated. It’s a complete disqualification.
Should I take coaching for these papers?
Not required for most. Practice 3–4 model papers and revise grammar/vocabulary.
Start early—don't wait till GS prep is over.
Solve at least 5 previous year papers for both.
Practice translation and précis regularly.
If your English or chosen language is weak, refer to NCERT Grammar Books or Wren & Martin.
While Paper A and Paper B are qualifying, they are non-negotiable. Many aspirants with excellent GS marks have been disqualified for not taking these seriously. A few weeks of dedicated preparation can ensure you cross the qualifying bar comfortably and move closer to your IAS dream.
